Recycling method of the hottest glass bottle

Recycling method of glass bottle

the characteristic of glass material is that it can be 100% recycled, which is not only suitable for the original purpose, but also can be transformed and utilized through processing. However, if it is not recycled, it will not only increase the load of burying work, but also cannot be decomposed by organisms; If entering the incinerator for treatment, the furnace body may also be damaged. Therefore, the recycling of glass bottles is particularly important

because of its strong barrier and high transparency, glass bottles are widely used as packaging containers for beer, beverages, condiments and cosmetics. The market of these glass bottles is a special market where new and old bottles coexist, and most of them are old bottles. The recycling of glass bottles has created the following social benefits: saving energy, reducing glass waste landfilling, reducing the mining of glass raw materials, and reducing the exhaust gas emissions from the glass smelting process. At present, the recycling methods of glass bottles include: prototype reuse, recycling, raw material recycling and transformation

prototype reuse

prototype reuse of waste glass bottle packaging refers to that after recycling, the glass bottle is still used as a packaging container, which can be divided into two forms: packaging with the same thing and packaging with changed things. At present, the prototype reuse of glass bottle packaging is mainly commodity packaging with low value and large usage, such as beer bottles, soda bottles, soy sauce bottles, vinegar bottles and some cans. However, the high-value liquor bottles, medicine (medical) bottles and cosmetics bottles with rich content in this meeting are hardly recycled. It can be said that the relationship between packaging recovery rate and commodity value is inversely proportional. The higher the value of commodities, the lower the glass bottle recovery rate

packaging utilization of the same goods

packaging utilization of the same goods is divided into packaging utilization of the same brand and different brands. For example, the recycling of beer glass bottles and reuse as beer packaging is the same thing packaging. If the recycled bottle is packed with the same brand of beer before and after, it is called the same brand packaging utilization. On the contrary, it is the use of different brand packaging

at present, the recycling in the market is mostly the packaging of different brands. For example, the use of recycled glass bottles in the beer industry is a typical example. Last year, China's beer production reached 23.8683 million tons, requiring nearly 35 billion bottles. If these bottles are produced entirely from quartz raw materials, you can imagine how much raw materials are needed and how much waste gas will be generated. In fact, 82% of the glass bottles containing beer are recycled bottles, and only 18% are new bottles. The average price difference between each new bottle and recycled bottle is 0 3 yuan, the cost difference of holding 1 ton of beer is about yuan. It can be seen that the recycling of glass bottles has saved a lot of costs for brewers

in addition, nearly 60% of the products in the soy sauce and vinegar Market use recycled bottles

however, the hygiene and safety of bottles should be ensured in the reuse process. Glass bottles must be strictly cleaned and disinfected. In terms of safety, the requirements of wine bottles are higher, which requires that the bottles have strong impact resistance and internal pressure resistance. Research shows that the normal service life of the "B" bottle commonly used in the market is two years. After five consecutive recycling times, its strength is only 50% of that of the new bottle, and bottle explosion accidents may occur

the use of more material packaging

the use of more material packaging is also common. For example, many manufacturers of vinegar use recycled beer glass bottles, soy sauce glass bottles, etc. for the packaging of vinegar. Some manufacturers also use soy sauce and vinegar bottles with similar shapes as beer bottles, but this is not worth advocating. Because the anti pressure of soy sauce and vinegar bottles is very low, it is easy to cause explosion accidents in case of slight collision or vibration after loading beer

cleaning process

before reusing the recycled bottles, we must strictly clean and disinfect the bottles

the usual practice is: first, classify the recycled glass bottles according to their size, shape and color, so that they can be used according to their purposes; Then, remove the labels on the bottle, especially the plastic labels. At the same time, remove the bottles with incomplete mouth to prevent them from falling into the articles in the bottle due to mechanical pressure; Then, use detergent to clean the dirt in the bottle; Finally, disinfect the bottles, especially for packaged food, medical supplies or cosmetics

the prototype reuse method saves the waste of quartz raw materials consumed in the manufacture of new bottles and avoids a large amount of waste gas, which is worth advocating. However, it has a major disadvantage, that is, it consumes a lot of water and energy. When using this method, the required expenses must be included in the cost budget

recycling

recycling refers to the use of recycled glass bottles for the remanufacture of similar or similar packaging bottles, which is essentially a recycling of semi-finished raw materials for glass bottle manufacturing

the specific operation is to carry out preliminary cleaning, cleaning, color classification and other pretreatment for the recycled glass bottles; Then, it is melted in the furnace, which is the same as the original manufacturing procedure, and will not be detailed here; Finally, the recycled materials are used to make various glass packaging bottles through blowing and adsorption, "said Lin Yongfei, chairman of the polyurethane products special committee of China Plastics Association

recycling furnace regeneration is a recycling method suitable for all kinds of glass bottles that are difficult to reuse or cannot be reused (such as broken glass bottles). This method consumes more energy than the prototype reuse method

raw material recycling

raw material recycling refers to the use of various glass bottle packaging wastes that cannot be reused as raw materials for manufacturing various glass products. The glass products here are not only glass packaging products, but also product wastes such as other building materials and daily-use glass products. This method consumes more energy than the first two recycling methods

proper addition of broken glass is conducive to the manufacture of glass, because broken glass can melt at a lower humidity than other raw materials. Therefore, recycling glass bottles requires less heat, and the wear of the furnace body can also be reduced. The test shows that the glass container produced with recycled glass has the same transparent wall and container strength as the glass container produced with new raw materials; Moreover, using recycled secondary materials to make glass products can save 38% energy, 50% air pollution, 20% water pollution and 90% waste than using raw materials. In addition, due to the small loss in the glass regeneration process, the above recovery and regeneration process can be recycled repeatedly. It can be seen that its economic and ecological benefits are very significant

two problems should be paid attention to when using waste glass packaging bottles or broken glass for the reuse of raw materials of glass products

first, remove impurities. The impurities such as metal and ceramics in the recycled material of glass bottles must be completely removed, because the raw materials required for the manufacture of glass containers require high purity. 5 experimental steps. If there is a metal cover in the broken glass, it may form oxides that interfere with the furnace operation; And if it is mixed? Ceramics and other foreign substances will make the finished products defective

second, color selection. Different glass products have different requirements for the color of raw materials. For example, colored glass chips cannot be used to make colorless flint glass, while the operating procedures of Yantai Laizhou Huayin HR ⑴ 50A Rockwell hardness tester allow only 10% green or flint glass to be added when producing amber glass. Therefore, the cullet after consumption must be selected manually or by machine. If broken glass is used directly without color selection, it can only be used to produce light green glass containers

transformation and utilization

due to the rise of various packaging containers and the diversification of container materials, the current demand for glass bottles has declined. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the application of glass waste in other fields other than bottle making, that is, transformation and utilization, and directly process the recycled glass packaging into other useful materials

this utilization method is divided into two types, one is heated and the other is non heated

non heated

non heated utilization is also called mechanical utilization. The specific method is to directly crush the recycled old glass according to the use situation, or first clean, classify, dry and other pretreatment, and then crush them into small particles by mechanical methods, or grind them into small glass balls for use. Its utilization ways are as follows:

* use glass fragments as combinations of pavement, building bricks, glass wool insulation materials and honeycomb structural materials

* the crushed glass is directly mixed with the building material components to make an integral building prefabricated part

* used to make reflector materials and clothing decorations

* used to decorate the surface of buildings to make them have beautiful optical effects

* directly grind it into various shapes, and then glue it into arts and crafts or small decorations such as buttons

* the mixture of glass and plastic waste can be molded into synthetic slate products

* can be used for production sewage pipelines

heating type

heating type utilization is to crush the waste glass, melt it in a high-temperature melting furnace, and then prepare glass fiber by rapid drawing. This kind of glass fiber can be widely used to make asbestos tiles, glass jars, various building materials and daily necessities

in this regard, the utilization technology developed by Japan is relatively advanced. For example, crystal clay Co., Ltd. grinds the purchased glass bottles into broken glass particles with a diameter of less than 1.2mm, and then mixes them with clay to make new bricks and tiles for paving roads and building walls. Even unsorted and colored waste glass can be mixed in as high as 70%, which greatly reduces the amount of clay and the damage to the ecological environment. The sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, 200 ℃ lower than that of ordinary bricks and tiles, which saves energy and reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 26%

the production of glass bottles is one of the most energy consuming packaging products, and its recycling is very valuable

among the above four recycling methods, the prototype reuse method is the most ideal, which is an energy-saving and economic recycling method. Transformation and utilization is a recycling method that needs to be developed urgently. We believe that more new and value-added technologies will be used for transformation and utilization in the future